THE HYPERCARD CENTER

HyperTalk Reference

Note: This is a work in progress and many formatting issues have been fixed. Read more about the project on the home page.

multiply

multiply [chunk of] container ¬

     by number

where container or chunk must contain a number. (You can use the is a operator to see if the container is a number.)

The multiply command multiplies the number in the container or chunk by number and puts the result into the container or chunk. The result is calculated to a precision of up to 19 decimal places.

The result is displayed in a field or the Message box according to the global property numberFormat.

Examples

multiply field "Total" by 100

multiply line 10 of theTotal by (the number of lines of theTotal)

if theTotal is a number then multiply theTotal by theNumberOfEntries

Placeholders

chunk

One of the following forms (or combinations thereof):

ordinal character

character posInteger [to posInteger]

ordinal word

word posInteger [to posInteger]

ordinal item

item posInteger [to posInteger]

ordinal line

line posInteger [to posInteger]

For example:

first character

second item

middle line

character 1

char 1 to 10

word 3

item 5 to (the number of items of me)

line 1 to 10

char 1 to 10 of word 2 to 4 of ¬

line 3 to 6

A chunk combined with of and a container is called a chunk expression. For example: line 1 of card field "index"

Important: You can’t combine a stack name with a chunk expression—you can only refer to a chunk in the current stack.

container

HyperTalk Definition

A place where you can store and retrieve a value.

There are six types of containers in HyperCard: a variable, a button, a field, the selection, the Message box, and menus.

myVariable

[the] selection

the Message box

btn 3

bg btn "Names"

card field 1

bkgnd field "Total"

menu 2

menu "Edit"

Additionally, you can refer to a button or field by its part number:

card part 1

last background part

AppleScript Definition

An object that contains one or more other objects, known as elements of the container. In a reference, the container specifies where to find an object. You specify containers with the reserved words of or in.

You can also use the possesive form ('s) to specify containers. For example, in

first window's name

the container is first window. The object it contains is a name property.

number

An expression that evaluates to a number.

For example:

169 / 19

pi

(60.625 * 500)

average(1,4,5,10)

i+1 -- (where i is a number)

line 1 of fld "Debits"

Note: Formally, HyperCard distinguishes between factors (simple values) and expressions. The difference between factors and expression matters only if you like to drop parentheses. Most functions take factors as their parameters, which is why abs of -10 + 2 returns 12 and abs of (-10 + 2) returns 8. In short, always use parentheses to group things the way you want them to evaluate, and you won’t have to worry about the difference between factors and expressions.

HyperTalk Reference

Version 0.8b4 (July 4, 2025)